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		43. Kouai / Resolution   Meaning: The trigram representing heaven, and that for the waters of a marsh mounting above it, form Kouai. The superior person, in accordance with this, bestows emoluments on those below them, and dislike allowing their gifts to accumulate undispensed. Kouai requires in those who would fulfil its meaning the exhibition of the culprit's guilt in the royal court, and a sincere and earnest appeal for sympathy and support, with a consciousness of the peril involved in cutting off the criminal. They should also make announcement in their own city, and show that it will not be well to have recourse at once to arms. In this way there will be advantage in whatever they shall proceed with.

 

 

		14. Ta You / Big Strength   Meaning: The trigram for heaven and that of fire above it form Ta You. The superior person, in accordance with this, represses what is evil and gives distinction to what is good, in sympathy with the excellent Heaven-conferred nature. Ta You indicates that, under the circumstances which it implies, there will be great progress and success.

 

 

		34. Ta Tch'ouang / Big Strength   Meaning: The trigram representing heaven, and above it that for thunder, form Ta Tch'ouang. The superior person, in accordance with this, does not take a step which is not according to propriety. Ta Tch'ouang indicates that under the conditions which it symbolises it will be advantageous to be firm and correct.

 

 

		9. Siao Tch'ou / Accumulating Gradually   Meaning: The trigram representing the sky, and that representing wind moving above it, form Siao Tch'ou. The superior person, in accordance with this, adorns the outward manifestation of their virtue. Siao Tch'ou indicates that under its conditions there will be progress and success. We see dense clouds, but no rain coming from our borders in the west.

 

 

		5. Hsu / The Obstacles   Meaning: The trigram for clouds ascending over that for the sky, form Hsu. The superior person, in accordance with this, eats and drinks, feasts and enjoys themselves as if there were nothing else to employ them. Hsu intimates that, with the sincerity which is declared in it, there will be brilliant success. With firmness there will be good fortune ; and it will be advantageous to cross the great stream.

 

 

		26. Ta Tch'ou / The Great Accumulating   Meaning: The trigram representing a mountain, and in the midst of it that representing heaven, form Ta Tch'ou. The superior person, in accordance with this, remembers the words and deeds of former people, to assist in the accumulation of their virtue. Under the condition of Ta Tch'ou it will be advantageous to be firm and correct. If its subject does not seek to enjoy their revenues in their own family without taking service at court, there will be good fortune. It will be advantageous for them to cross the great stream.

 

 

		11. T'ai / Peace, Restful Fluidity   Meaning: The trigrams for heaven and earth in communication together form T'ai. The sage sovereign, in harmony with this, fashions and completes their regulations after the courses of heaven and earth, and assists the application of the adaptations furnished by them, in order to benefit the people. In T'ai we see the small gone and the great coming. It indicates that there will be good fortune, with progress and success.

 

 

		10. Li / Careful Conduct   Meaning: The trigram representing the sky above, and below it that representing the waters of a marsh, form Li. The superior person, in accordance with this, discriminates between high and low, and gives settlement to the aims of all people. Li suggests the idea of one treading on the tail of a tiger, which does not bite them. There will be progress and success.

 

 

		58. Touei / Happyness, The Lake   Meaning: Two symbols representing the waters of a marsh, one over the other, form Touei. The superior person, in accordance with this, encourages the conversation of friends and the stimulus of their common practice. Touei intimates that under its conditions there will be progress and attainment, but it will be advantageous to be firm and correct.

 

 

		38. K'ouei / Opposition   Meaning: The trigram representing fire above, and that for the waters of a marsh below, form K'ouei. The superior person, in accordance with this, where there is a general agreement, yet admits diversity. K'ouei indicates that, notwithstanding the condition of things which it denotes, in small matters there will still be good success.

 

 

		54. Kouei Mei / The Marriageable Maiden   Meaning: The trigram representing the waters of a marsh, and over it that for thunder, form Kouei Mei. The superior person, in accordance with this, having regard to the far distant end, knows the mischief that may be done at the beginning. Kouei Mei indicates that under the conditions which it denotes action will be evil, and in no wise advantageous.

 

 

		61. Tchong Fou / The Interior Truth   Meaning: The trigram representing the waters of a marsh, and that for wind above it, form Tchong Fou. The superior person, in accordance with this, deliberates about causes of litigations and delays the infliction of death. Tchong Fou moves even pigs and fish, and leads to good fortune. There will be advantage in crossing the great stream. There will be advantage in being firm and correct.

 

 

		60. Tchieh / Limitation   Meaning: The trigram representing a lake, and above it that for water, form Tchieh. The superior person, in accordance with this, constructs their methods of numbering and measurement, and discusses points of virtue and conduct. Tchieh intimates that under its conditions there will be progress and attainment. But if the regulations which it prescribes be severe and difficult, they cannot be permanent.

 

 

		41. Soun / Reduction   Meaning: The trigram representing a mountain, and beneath it that for the waters of a marsh, form Soun. The superior person, in accordance with this, restrains their wrath and controls their desires. In what is denoted by Soun, if there be sincerity in they who employs it, there will be great good fortune: freedom for error; firmness and correctness that can be maintained; an advantage in every movement that shall be made. In what shall this sincerity in the exercise of Soun be employed? Even in sacrifice, two baskets of grain, though there be nothing else, may be presented.

 

 

		19. Lin / Approach   Meaning: The trigram for the waters of a marsh and that for the earth above it form Lin. The superior person, in accordance with this, has their purpose of instruction that is inexhaustible, and which nourishes and supports the people without limit. Lin indicates that under the conditions supposed in it there will be great progress and success, while it will be advantageous to be firmly correct. In the eighth month there will be evil.

 

 

		13. Tong Jen / Community   Meaning: The trigrams for heaven and fire form Tong Jen. The superior person, in accordance with this, distinguishes things according to their kinds and levels. Tong Jen or 'Community' appears here as we find it in the remote district of the country, indicating progress and success. It will be advantageous to cross the great stream. It will be advantageous to maintain the firm correctness of the superior person.

 

 

		49. Keu / The Revolution   Meaning: The trigram representing the waters of a marsh, and that for fire in the midst of them, form Keu. The superior person, in accordance with this, regulates their astronomical calculations, and makes clear the seasons and times. What takes place as indicated by Keu is believed in only after it has been accomplished. There will be great progress and success. Advantage will come from being firm and correct. In that case occasion for repentance will disappear.

 

 

		30. Li / Strength and Beauty   Meaning: The trigram for brightness, repeated, forms Li. The great person, in accordance with this, cultivates more and more their brilliant virtue, and diffuses its brightness over the four quarters of the land. Li indicates that, in regard to what it denotes, it will be advantageous to be firm and correct, and that thus there will be a free course and success.

 

 

		55. Fong / Abundance, Fullness   Meaning: The trigrams representing thunder and lightning combine to form Fong. The superior person, in accordance with this, decides cases of litigation, and apportions punishments with exactness. Fong intimates progress and development. When a king has reached the point which the name denotes, there is no occasion to be anxious through fear of change. Let them be as the sun at noon.

 

 

		37. Tchia Jen / The Family   Meaning: The trigram representing fire, and that for wind coming forth from it, form Tchia Jen. The superior person, in accordance with this, orders their word according to the truth of things, and their conduct so that it is uniformly consistent. For the realisation of what is taught in Tchia Jen, or for the regulation of the family, what is most advantageous is that the wife be firm and correct.

 

 

		63. Tchi Tchi / After The Achievement   Meaning: The trigram representing fire, and that for water above it, form Tchi Tchi. The superior person, in accordance with this, thinks of evil that may come, and beforehand guards against it. Tchi Tchi intimates progress and success in small matters. There will be advantage in being firm and correct. There has been good fortune in the beginning; there may be disorder in the end.

 

 

		22. Pi / Elegance   Meaning: The trigram representing a mountain with that for fire under it form Pi. The superior person, in accordance with this, throws a brilliancy around their various processes of government, but does not dare in a similar way to decide cases of criminal litigation. Pi indicates that there should be free course in what it denotes. There will be little advantage however if it be allowed to advance and take the lead.

 

 

		36. Ming Yi / The Darkening of the Light   Meaning: The trigram representing the earth, and that for the bright sun entering within it, form Ming Yi. The superior person, in accordance with this, conducts their management of people thusly; they show their intelligence by keeping it obscured. Ming Yi indicates that in the circumstances which it denotes, it will be advantageous to realise the difficulty of the position, and maintain firm correctness.

 

 

		25. Wou Wang / Integrity   Meaning: The thunder rolls all under the sky, and to everything there is given its nature, free from all insincerity. The ancient kings, in accordance with this, made their regulations in complete accordance with the seasons, thereby nourishing all things. Wou Wang indicates great progress and success, while there will be advantage in being firm and correct. If its subject and their action be not correct, they will fall into errors, and it will not be advantageous for them to move in any direction.

 

 

		17. Souei / Submission to the Duty   Meaning: The trigram for the waters of a marsh and that for thunder hidden in the midst of it, form Souei. The superior person in accordance with this, when it is getting toward dark, enters their house and rests. Souei indicates that under its conditions there will be great progress and success. But it will be advantageous to be firm and correct. There will then be no error.

 

 

		21. Che Ho / Bite Through   Meaning: The trigrams representing thunder and lightning form Che Ho. The ancient kings, in accordance with this, framed their penalties with intelligence, and promulgated their laws. Che Ho indicates successful progress in the condition of things which it supposes. It will be advantageous to use legal constraints.

 

 

		51. Tchen / The Thunder   Meaning: The trigram representing thunder, being repeated, forms Tchen. The superior person, in accordance with this, is fearful and apprehensive, cultivates their virtues, and examines their faults. Tchen gives the intimation of ease and development. When the time of movement which it indicates comes, the subject of the hexagram will be found looking out with apprehension, and yet smiling and talking cheerfully. When the movement like a crash of thunder terrifies all within a hundred miles, they will be like the sincere worshipper who is not startled into letting go their ladle and cup of sacrificial spirits.

 

 

		42. Yi / Increase   Meaning: The trigram representing wind and that for thunder form Yi. The superior person, in accordance with this, when they see what is good, moves towards it; and when they see their errors, they turn from them. Yi indicates that in the state which it denotes there will be advantage in every movement which shall be undertaken, that it will be advantageous even to cross the great stream.

 

 

		3. T'oun / Difficult Beginnings   Meaning: The trigram representing clouds and that representing thunder form T'oun. The superior person, in accordance with this, adjusts their measures of government as in sorting the threads of the warp and weft. T'oun indicates that there can be great progress and success, and the advantage will come from being correct and firm. But any movement in advance should not be lightly undertaken. There will be advantage in appointing feudal princes.

 

 

		27. I / Nourishment   Meaning: The trigram representing a mountain, and under it that for thunder, form I. The superior person, in accordance with this, enjoins watchfulness over our words, and the temperate regulation of our eating and drinking. I indicates that with firm correctness there will be good fortune in what is denoted by it. We must look at what we are seeking to nourish, and by the exercise of our thoughts seek for the proper nourishment.

 

 

		24. Fou / The Return, Amendment   Meaning: The trigram representing the earth, and that for thunder in the midst of it, form Fou. The ancient kings, in accordance with this, on the day of the winter solstice, shut the gates of the passes from one state to another, so that the travelling merchants could not then pursue their journeys, nor the princes go on with the inspection of their states. Fou indicates that where will be free course and progress in what it denotes; the subject of it finds no one to distress them in their exits and entrances; friends come to them, and no error is committed. They will return and repeat their proper course. In seven days comes their return. There will be advantage in whatever direction movement is made.

 

 

		44. Keou / Contacting   Meaning: The trigram representing wind, and that for the sky above it, form Keou. The sovereign, in accordance with this, delivers their charges, and promulgates their announcements throughout the four quarters of the kingdom. Keou shows a subordinate who is bold and strong. It will not be good to partner such a subordinate.

 

 

		28. Ta Kouo / Excess   Meaning: The trigram representing trees, hidden beneath that for the waters of a marsh, form Ta Kouo. The superior person, in accordance with this, stands up alone and has no fear, and stays retired from the world without regret. Ta Kouo suggest to us a beam that is weak. There will be advantage in moving under these conditions in any directions whatever; there will be success.

 

 

		50. Ting / The Cauldron   Meaning: The trigram representing wood, and above it that for fire, form Ting. The superior person, in accordance with this, keeps their every position correct, and maintains secure the appointment of Heaven. Ting gives the intimation of great progress and success.

 

 

		32. Hong / The Long Enduring   Meaning: The trigram representing thunder and that for wind form Hong. The superior person, in accordance with this, stands firm, and does not change their method of operation. Hong indicates successful progress and no error in what it denotes. But the advantage will come from being firm and correct; and movement in any direction whatever will be advantageous.

 

 

		57. Hsuan / Willing Submission, The Wind   Meaning: The two trigrams representing wind, following each other, form Hsuan. The superior person, in accordance with this, reiterates their orders, and secures the practice of their affairs. Hsuan intimates that under the conditions which it denotes there will be some little attainment and progress. There will be advantage in movement onward in whatever direction. It will be advantageous also to see the great person.

 

 

		48. Tsing / A Well   Meaning: The trigram representing wood, and above it that for water, form Tsing. The superior person, in accordance with this, comforts the people, and stimulates them to mutual helpfulness. Looking at Tsing, we think of how the site of a town may be changed, while the fashion of its wells undergoes no changes. The water of a well never disappears and never receives any great increase, and those who come and those who go can draw and enjoy the benefit. If the drawing has nearly been accomplished, but, before the rope has quite reached the water, the bucket is broken, this is evil.

 

 

		18. Kou / Toward Corruption   Meaning: The trigram for a mountain, and below it that for wind, form Kou. The superior person, in accordance with this, nourishes their own virtue and helps the people. Kou indicates great progress and success to them who deals properly with the condition represented by it. There will be advantage in efforts like that of crossing the great stream. One should weigh well, however, the events of three days before the turning point, and those to be done three days after it.

 

 

		46. Cheng / Promotion   Meaning: The trigram representing wood, and that for the earth with the wood growing in the midst of it, form Cheng. The superior person, in accordance with this, pays careful attention to their virtue, and accumulates the small developments of it until it is high and great. Cheng indicates that under its conditions there will be great progress and success. Seeking by the qualities implied meet with the great person, its subject need have no anxiety. Advance to the south will be fortunate.

 

 

		6. Song / The Conflict   Meaning: The trigram representing heaven and that representing water, moving away from each other, form Song. The superior person, in accordance with this, in the transaction of affairs takes good counsel about their first steps. Song intimates how, though there is sincerity in one's contention, they will meet with opposition and obstruction; but if they cherish an apprehensive caution, there will be good fortune, while, if they must prosecute the contention to the bitter end, there will be evil. It will be advantageous to see the great person; it will not be advantageous to cross the great stream.

 

 

		47. K'oun / Weariness   Meaning: The trigram representing a marsh, and below it for a defile, which has drained the other dry so that there is no water in it, form K'oun. The superior person, in accordance with this, will sacrifice their life in order to carry out their purpose. In the condition denoted by K'oun there may yet be progress and success. For the firm and correct, the really great person, there will be good fortune. They will fall into no error. If they make speeches, their words cannot be made good.

 

 

		64. Wei Tchi / Before The Achievement   Meaning: The trigram representing water, and that for fire above it, form Wei Tchi. The superior person, in accordance with this, carefully discriminates among the qualities of things, and the different positions they naturally occupy. Wei Tchi intimates progress and success in the circumstances which it implies. We see a young fox that has nearly crossed the stream, when its tail gets immersed. There will be no advantage in any way.

 

 

		40. Tchieh / The Release, The Outcome   Meaning: The trigram representing thunder and that for rain, with these phenomena in a state of manifestation, form Tchieh. The superior person, in accordance with this, forgives errors, and deals gently with crimes. In the state indicated by Tchieh advantage will be found in the south-west. If no further operations are called for, there will be good fortune in coming back to the earlier conditions and good fortune in the early progression of them.

 

 

		59. Houan / The Dissolution, The Scattering   Meaning: The trigram representing water, and that for wind moving above the water, form Houan. The ancient kings, in accordance with this, presented offerings to the deity and established the ancestral temple. Houan intimates that under its conditions there will be progress and success. The king goes to their ancestral temple; and it will be advantageous to cross the great stream. It will be advantageous to be firm and correct.